The Connection Between Mental Health and Heart Health
James Grant, M.D.
| 4 min read
James D. Grant, M.D., is senior vice president and c...
Medical professionals often take a wholistic approach to their patients’ health care, looking at all factors that can impact an individual’s health status. That includes the connection between one’s mental and physical health.
For example, heart health and mental health are deeply interconnected, and caring for one will benefit the other.
Stress and the heart
Stress is one of the factors that directly affects heart health. Chronic stress triggers the release of hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline, which prepare the body for a "fight or flight" response.
In short bursts, this response is helpful. However, when the body is in this stress response for a prolonged period, it can result in elevated blood pressure, increased inflammation, and heart strain. Over time, this may contribute to conditions like high blood pressure, arrhythmia, and in some cases, heart attacks.
Anxiety, depression and the heart
Studies have shown that people with depression are more likely to develop heart disease and experience worse outcomes after a cardiac event. In addition, research has found an association between anxiety disorders and higher risk of heart disease. There is also an association between anxiety disorders and worse outcomes after a cardiac event.
The role of inflammation
Chronic mental health conditions, such as depression, also are associated with increased inflammation in the body. This inflammation can affect many areas of the body including the cardiovascular system. Often, individuals with depression have elevated levels C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of inflammation within the body. CRP is a market that has been linked to a higher risk of heart disease.
Heart health’s impact on mental health
Just as mental health can impact heart health, an individual’s heart health also can impact their mental health. For example, individuals who have had a heart attack or have heart disease are at a higher risk of developing depression. Physicians don’t exactly know why, but it’s possible this can come from the emotional toll of coping with the condition. In addition, some individuals with heart disease have reduced blood flow to the brain, which can impact their mental health.
Individuals with heart failure often have an increased strain on their mental health. The symptoms of fatigue, shortness of breath, and physical limitations can lead to feelings of isolation, sadness, and anxiety. These challenges can further complicate recovery and overall quality of life.
Practical steps for a healthy mind and heart
Individuals can take steps to care for both their heart and mental health, including:
- Practice stress management: Activities and habits that manage stress levels can lower the amount of stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline in the body. Activities that can reduce stress include meditation, deep-breathing, yoga, walking and mindfulness.
- Get physical activity. Exercise is good for both body and mind. Not only can it improve heart health, but it is a natural mood booster. Individuals should consult with their physician to design an exercise plan appropriate for their condition.
- Maintain social connections: Loneliness and social isolation have been linked to both depression and heart disease. Maintain regular and ongoing connections with friends and family and stay engaged through social activities.
- Eat a heart-healthy diet: A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats can reduce inflammation and support both mental and cardiovascular health.
- Get professional help if needed: A behavioral health professional can help address mental health concerns, which can improve both emotional well-being and heart health
The heart and the mind are certainly interconnected. Individuals who take proactive steps to nurture both their heart health and their mental health can improve their overall well-being. Individuals should talk with their doctor before beginning an exercise program or changing their diet.
James D. Grant, M.D. is the executive vice president and chief medical officer of Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan. Fore more health tips and information, visit BCBSM.MIBlueDaily.com.
Photo credit: Getty Images
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